THE GLASS-BOX AI HOTEL · TRADE 2

Domestic hot water & circulation

Domestic hot water runs around the clock, with a circulation loop keeping the pipework warm. Legionella control demands temperature; the loop loses heat while delivering it. The AI holds 60 °C in the tank and 55 °C in the loop safely, at minimum circulation, and charges the tank during the cheap hours.

One level deeper — 2 components

This page explains the trade. If you are facility engineering, aquatic operations or consulting engineering and need the individual component — with code reference, calculator and connection detail — carry on here:

Domestic hot water tank Circulation loop

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Frequently asked questions

Why does hot water circulation lose so much energy?

The circulation loop keeps all pipework warm around the clock so hot water arrives at the tap instantly. These continuous losses often exceed the hot water actually drawn.

How hot must the circulation loop run?

The German DVGW code for legionella control requires at least 60 °C in the tank and 55 °C in the circulation return. Below that, legionella can grow; above it, losses rise. US properties should apply their own governing standard (e.g. ASHRAE 188) — the control principle is the same.

How does the AI cut hot water costs without a legionella risk?

It holds the return just above the limit, reduces circulation in low-demand periods and charges the tank during cheap hours.