Exhaust air
Ventilation/dehumidification — the silent 24/7 load, with heat recovery. Part of the glass family — like our glass BESS, biogas plant and CHP.
Outdoor air → Fresh air → Heat recovery → Heating coil → Hall → Exhaust
Ventilation/dehumidification — the silent 24/7 load, with heat recovery. Part of the glass family — like our glass BESS, biogas plant and CHP.
The exhaust extracts the warm, humid hall air — loaded with water vapour and trichloramines (the typical pool-hall smell). Its flow rate, together with the supply air, sets the hall humidity balance (VDI 2089 Sheet 1: target 30 °C / 55 % RH).
Materials in the exhaust stream must be corrosion-resistant (V4A stainless or plastic, DIN 1946-4) — aluminium is not permitted in a pool-hall exhaust because chloramines attack it. Every excess m³ of warm air extracted is heat the recovery unit has to win back.
Dehumidification with heat recovery (DIN 1946-4, 36,000 m3/h):
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Method proven on a live European reference aquatic center; presented anonymously.
Estimate from metered / design values. Zero-grid-import windows are real (metered).
Grounded in DIN 19643, VDI 2089, DGfdB and the German Buildings Energy Act. Same knowledge base as the European reference site; presented anonymously.
DIN 1946-4 governs ventilation with hygiene requirements. For pool halls: filter class F7 minimum, 6-month service interval. Plate heat-recovery exchangers must be able to drain condensate. Hygiene inspection every 2 years (logged in the maintenance record). Pool-specific: because of chloramines, corrosion-resistant materials (V4A stainless, plastic) are required in the exhaust stream; aluminium exchangers are not permitted in the pool-hall exhaust air.
Basis: DIN 1946-4
When hall humidity is too high (rH > 65 %) the traditional fix is raising the outdoor-air rate — which doubles the heat loss in winter. The modern approach is a dehumidifying heat pump (sorption wheel or reversible compressor) that removes water directly from the hall air without raising outdoor air. Investment 30-80 k€ depending on size, payback 4-7 years. On a hall running 16,000 m³/h in cold winters a sorption wheel can save 30-50 % of the ventilation heating energy.
Basis: VDI 2089 Sheet 1
VDI 2089 Sheet 1 defines the target hall climate: air temperature 30 °C ± 2 K, relative humidity 55 % ± 5 %. Outdoor-air rate at least 30 m³/h per person at full occupancy, at least 4 L/(s·m² of water surface) in base mode. For a hall with 355 m² water surface: 4 × 355 × 3.6 = 5,112 m³/h minimum; in practice VDI recommends ~16,000 m³/h for comfort and pollutant removal (trihalomethanes). Heat recovery via plate exchanger at 65-75 % efficiency is standard.
Basis: VDI 2089 Sheet 1
DGfdB guideline R 65.10 fixes the order for refurbishments: 1) reduce losses (envelope, pool cover, insulate the surge tank, ventilation heat recovery), 2) recover heat (heat recovery, waste-water heat, filter backwash as a heat-pump source), 3) generate efficiently (heat pump > CHP > gas). This hierarchy is decisive for public grant applications: funders check whether losses were reduced before the generation investment. Concretely: insulate the surge tank, add an outdoor-pool night cover and service the ventilation heat recovery before or together with the heat-pump installation.
Basis: DGfdB R 65.10
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